Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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    Identification and punishment policies for spectrum sensing data falsification attackers using delivery-based assessment
    (IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology ., 2015-11) Althunibat, Saud; Birabwa, Joanitah D.; Granelli, Fabrizio
    Spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attacks represent a major challenge for cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) in cognitive radio (CR) networks. In an SSDF attack, a malicious user or many malicious users send false sensing results to the fusion center (FC) to mislead the global decision about spectrum occupancy. Thus, an SSDF attack degrades the achievable detection accuracy, throughput, and energy efficiency of CR networks (CRNs). In this paper, a novel attacker-identification algorithm is proposed that is able to skillfully detect attackers and reject their reported results. Moreover, we provide a novel attacker-punishment algorithm that aims at punishing attackers by lowering their individual energy efficiency, motivating them either to quit sending false results or leave the network. Both algorithms are based on a novel assessment strategy of the sensing performance of each user. The proposed strategy is called delivery-based assessment, which relies on the delivery of the transmitted data to evaluate the made global decision and the individual reports. Mathematical analysis and simulation results show promising performance of both algorithms compared with previous works, particularly when then the number of attackers is very large.
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    Analysis of the development and installations of renewable energy-based mini-grids: case study Uganda
    (IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica, 2020-08) Cartland, Richard; Sendegeya, Al-Mas; Hakizi, Jean de Dieu Khan
    The provision of energy to all citizens has been an outstanding need in most developing countries in order to meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. Uganda as a developing country has put mechanisms in place to provide electricity to her people and be able to realize the national vision of 2040 and be able to address other SDGs by 2030. Solar PV mini-grids are emerging as popular alternatives to address rural electrification shortfall after other renewable energy mini-grid types proved desirable for some period. Uganda's expectations of renewable mini-grids are high with the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development, the World Bank, and the Government of Uganda showing much interest to support the mini-grid development. This paper, therefore, looks at general mini-grid development and operation models and finds out arguments making renewable energy mini-grids popular at the expense of non-renewable based mini-grids. The methodology focuses on exploring ideas and formulating a hypothesis by summarizing, categorizing, and interpreting both the primary and secondary data. The paper concludes looking at the strength, benefits, and challenges of renewable mini-grids.
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    Performance analysis of a hybrid of solar photovoltaic, genset, and hydro of a rural-based power mini-grid: case study of kisiizi hydro power mini-grid, Uganda
    (MDPI- Processes, 2023-01) Richard, Cartland; Al-Mas, Sendegeya; Jean de Dieu, Khan Hakizimana
    The power sector in Uganda has increased steadily, focusing majorly on rural electrification to increase the proportion of the rural population accessing electricity using grid extension and isolated mini-grid approaches. Hydropower mini-grids implemented in rural communities have issues regarding system failures leading to shutdowns and load shedding. A study on an existing isolated hydropower mini-grid was made to find the possible causes. A review of published articles and reports, and an analysis of enrollment patterns, energy sales, and load demand was carried out. A field survey with a guided questionnaire to collect information about real energy demand data was carried out. The performance of the system was accomplished through simulation using HOMER pro × 64 software. The findings from the study show a reduction in customer enrollment, a reduction in energy sales, and a reasonable number of system shutdowns. Hybridization of the existing hydropower was modeled with different options. The hybrid system proposed indicates that, when implemented, it would reduce fuel consumption from 222 to 23.2 L/day and emissions from 82.5 to 8.3 kg/year on average and increases system reliability. Simulated values of NPC, LCOE, and operating costs are appreciable. Despite mini-grid shortfalls, there is notably improved livelihood due to improved social and economic services.
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    Training model on electrical safety and energy conservation to socially-backward region school students
    (IEEE, 2023-04) Bwanika, Gerald Mayanja; Rhodah, B.; E., Namugeni; Y., Dhanalakshmi; T., Tom Priya Darshini; B., Koti Reddy
    As the saying goes for knife, ‘‘It is a good servant, but a bad master the same holds good for electricity. It can brighten our lives and at the same can char one’s future if not handled properly. Electricity is very useful for human beings right from the first day of its invention. Also, with the rapid growth of industrialization, there is a need to conserve the natural resources such as sunlight, wind or water and at the same time electrical energy due to the rising demand of the luxuries. The awareness about the electrical safety and energy conservation should be started from school-going children onwards, any habit nurtured in the small age can bring one into a good being. This work has developed a basic training model to teach the school students. The basic definition of certain electrical terminologies is mentioned. The hazards related to electrical, the ways to avoid or rectify them are also discussed. Also, the fundamental principles of electrical safety which are to be followed while dealing with any Electrical equipment are included. The concept of energy conservation and the basic ideas of supplying power through renewable resources as well as the need for sustainable development are included in this work.
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    A study on the design and financial viability of solar pv plants in Rwanda
    (IEEE, 2023-07) Morris, Kayitare; Gace, Athanase Dalson; Al-Mas, Sendegeya
    Solar PV systems are believed vital to provide reliable and eco-friendly energy to remote villages. However, a lack of information on the load demands, lack of information on factors of energy loss, and scarcity of information on the potential financial benefits of PV plants in rural areas hinder the optimal development of PV plants and investments in PV plant development. This study addresses these issues by assessing the load requirements for electrification and farming activities in remote areas in Rwanda, identifying energy loss factors for PV plants, and estimating the financial gains from such systems. The study shows that despite factors such as temperature-induced energy losses, the regions have enough solar resources to meet the villages' load demands. The economic evaluation reveals that solar PV plants can be beneficial to investors, with the cost of energy dropping significantly and benefiting consumers.
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    Optimization of rural network development
    (IEEE, 2024-11-08) Kádár, Péter; Sendegeya, Al-Mas
    A huge area with enormous number of inhabitants isn’t electrified in Africa. Although the electricity generation and distribution technology is given, the speed of network development and construction is limited by financial, material and human resources. A short term decision has to be done where to develop the network that should fit also in the long term plans. On one hand the high voltage (HV) network can be developed step by step but in this case the remote territories will be electrified decades later and masses of people will migrate to the metropoles. It has huge financial and social costs as well. Another possibility to set up independent small scale microgrid-minigrid but it is not a competitor of the bulk net in large scale. It should be connected soon or later to the national grid. Mapping the problem to an optimization task we can find the optimal ratio between the bulk- and microgrid developments at a given resource constraints. We find that the HV network should reach the neighbouring areas meanwhile the microgrids should be set up at the fares region.