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Parents’ participation in education of children with cerebral palsy in Ongino sub-county, Kumi district, Uganda
(Kyambogo University (Unpublised work), 2025-10) Alupo, Caroline
The purpose of the study was to examine parents’ participation in the education of children with cerebral palsy in Ongino Sub-County, Kumi District. The objectives of the study were; to establish parents’ understanding of the education of children with cerebral palsy, to examine the education support parents give to children with cerebral palsy, to examine the challenges faced by parents in supporting the education of children with cerebral palsy, and to explore how parents can be empowered to effectively support the education of children with cerebral palsy. The study, guided by the Social-Ecological Theory, employed a qualitative research approach supported by a case study design. Data were collected using an open-ended interview guide from 22 purposively selected participants, including 10 parents of children with cerebral palsy, 6 teachers from inclusive UPE schools, and 6 pupils with cerebral palsy. The study ensured rigor and trustworthiness by adhering to qualitative criteria: credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability, through participant engagement, detailed documentation, audit trails, rich contextual descriptions, and peer debriefing, producing reliable insights on parents’ participation in the education of their children with cerebral palsy. The study findings revealed that most parents of children with cerebral palsy have a clear understanding of their children’s educational needs and actively ensure their participation in both academic and non-academic school activities. The findings also revealed that parental involvement goes beyond meeting basic needs such as feeding, security, and psychological support, extending to moral, material, and financial assistance, often sourced domestically before seeking external support. Additionally, parents face significant challenges, including poverty, illness, high educational costs, limited knowledge of their roles, and lack of awareness of effective support strategies. Lastly, the study revealed that empowering parents improves their ability to make informed decisions, support their children independently, implement educational strategies effectively, and enhance overall educational outcomes for children with cerebral palsy. The study recommends strengthening parental understanding, enhancing educational support, addressing economic and informational challenges, and empowering parents through training, community programs, and collaboration with schools, NGOs, and development partners to sustainably support children with cerebral palsy.
User fees and retention of pupils in government aided primary schools in Apac district
(Kyambogo University (Unpublised work), 2025-10) Akello, Pamela
Abolition of fees in primary schools is Uganda’s strategy to ensure access and equity in primary education. Since the implementation of Universal Primary Education policy, thousands of pupils have failed to be retained in government aided primary schools to complete the primary education cycle. This study investigated the effects of user fees on retention of pupils in government aided primary schools in Apac district. The study used an explanatory concurrent mixed method cross-sectional design using a sample of 150 pupils, 30 parents and 10 headteachers from Apac district. Data was collected using the questionnaire for pupils in upper primary classes and interviews for parents and headteachers. School documents mainly on enrolment were reviewed to complement data from the questionnaire and interviews. The Pearson’s product moment correlation was used to measure the relationship between user fees and retention of pupils in primary schools. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically and reported descriptively. The findings showed a significant relationship between user fees and pupils’ retention. Qualitative findings demonstrated periodic attendance by pupils with high rates of attendance registered only in third term and on days when the user fees weren’t being demanded, parents’ willingness to keep their children in primary school and high school drop out in the upper classes. The study therefore concluded that user fees affect attendance and retention of pupils in government -aided primary schools in Apac district. There is therefore need to supplement the UPE structure put in place by the government of Uganda with a sustainable program of pupils’ financial assistance.
Morphological characterization of Cercospora cof-fiecola on Robusta coffee berries in Uganda
(Kyambogo University (Unpublished work), 2025-10) Anyijuka, Mark
Coffee contributes enormously to Uganda’s economy; however, farmers cur-rently lose over 50% yield of the crop to coffee red blister disease (CRBD), a fungal infection caused by Cercospora coffeicola. Currently, the pathogen pos-es the greatest challenge to Robusta coffee production though its ecology is not fully studied. This study aimed at characterizing C. coffeicola on berries of Robusta coffee in Uganda. A total of 47 Robusta coffee farms were randomly sampled from seven (7) districts which were purposively selected from three (3) Robusta coffee growing regions. Fifty (50) coffee berries were sampled along a transect at each farm and assessed for RBD symptomatology variabil-ity. The Coffee Red Blister Disease (CRBD) was found in all the sampled re-gions and districts of Uganda with a prevalence rate of 38%. The highest CRBD prevalence (47%) was observed in central Uganda and was significant-ly different from that of Southwestern region (16%) (P <0.0001). On average, the lesion incidence on diseased Robusta coffee berries was 10.6%. The high-est lesion incidence was recorded in central region (13.1%) followed by mid-eastern region (12.0%) and least in the southwestern region (6.1%). CRBD le-sion area coverage on the coffee berry averaged at 27.3% but varied signifi-cantly across the regions (P=0.0069) and districts (P<0.0001). Berries collected from mid-eastern and central regions recorded a statistically higher lesion area coverage (30%) than southwestern region (21.8%). The average number of CRBD lesions per coffee berry ranged from 4.4 to 8.4. Luuka district with 10 lesions per berry registered the highest number of lesions and lowest Isingiro district (0.5). The pathogen, C. coffeicola, was isolated from infected berries and the isolates assessed for morphological variability. Based on the isolates’ pigmentation, radial growth, colony elevation, sporulation ability, and shape, the assessment resulted into six symptom morphotypes (SM) that were ran-domly assigned the capital letters of the alphabets ―A‖ to ―F‖. Isolated C. cof-feicola fungi grew linearly on PDA at a rate of 2.9 to 3.6 mm/day to attain a diameter of 27 to 70 mm in 5-14 days. Morphotype IV (colony radius = 44mm/day) had the highest growth rate, while morphotype V had the slowest growth rate (colony radius = 35mm. Morphologically, the morphotype colonies were peripherally flat with slightly raised front view and umbonate to radially folded centers. Pathogenicity tests that were conducted on one susceptible Ro-busta coffee variety (KR6) and two tolerant varieties (KR3 and KR10) using three distinct morphotypes, L1C (Morphotype II), M1C (Morphtype III) N1C (Morphotype IV) revealed that all the isolates were pathogenic to the three se-lected coffee varieties. L1C caused the most cercosporiosis to KR 6 (DI = 41%) while M1C caused the least disease (DI=1.3%) on KR3. N1C did not infect KR10. KR6 had the highest disease index of 41.2%, while the resistant variety, KR10 had the lowest (6.8%). In conclusion, there is variability in the C. coffeicola pathogen complex across the Robusta coffee growing regions, as exhibited through symptomatology of the disease on berries. This study pro-vides baseline information on CRBD symptomatology and pathogenicity to inform further research on the disease. This information can guide target CRBD management strategies as well as development of new CRBD resistant varieties.
The ideal wife of proverbs 31:10-31: a contextual study in relation to contemporary marriages in Uganda
(Kyambogo University (Unpublished work), 2025-10) Nadunga, Annet
This study is a contextual analysis of אֵֽשֶׁת־ חיִל (the ideal wife) of Proverbs 31:10-31 in relation to the African ideological conceptualizations of a good wife. The contemporary African society is a multi-ideological environment, which includes Afro-Christian and women emancipation ideals.
These ideologies play concurrent and conflicting roles in informing value judgements in marriage and family life. This study problematizes the contemporary ideological constructs of a good wife and advocates for an ideological framework, which protects the African family and marriage. This ideological framework should emerge from the negotiations between the Afro-Christian and women emancipation ideologies. The study is hinged on the following objectives: to examine the textual and contextual meaning of אֵֽשֶׁת־ חיִל in Proverbs 31:10-31; Explore the African contextual Bible interpretation of אֵֽשֶׁת־ חיִל in Uganda; and lastly, to establish ways in which the contextual understanding of אֵֽשֶׁת־ חיִל can inform an understanding of an ideal wife in the contemporary African society. The study took a textual and contextual Bible Study (CBS) approach, which revealed an array of interpretations of the concept of ideal wife ( אֵֽשֶׁת־ חיִל ) across different settings and categories of participants. The lexical analysis of the Hebrew word אֵֽשֶׁת־ חיִל revealed fluidity especially in the functionality of the concept of חיִל . Moreover, the textual analysis across contemporary language translations revealed the cultural whims of the audience on the idea of an ideal wife. On the other hand, the CBS revealed resistance and adaptations from the participants on the notion of an ideal wife, which inevitably highlight differences in the ideological lenses. The views from the textual and contextual analysis were used in informing the advocacy for the new ideological space. The fluidity in the Hebrew חיִל gave the researcher liberty to reimage and reconstruct אֵֽשֶׁת־ חיִל in view of an ideal wife in the contemporary context. It is from this framework that the religio-cultural notions of a good wife, as well as the excesses of emancipation ideals are questioned in search of a third ideological space that is friendly to contemporary marriages and family relation.
Potential of using indigenous microorganisms for decomposing coffee and rice crop waste into bio-fertilizer
(Kyambogo University (Unpublised work), 2025-11) Akampa, Caroline
Agricultural waste contributes approximately 140 billion tonnes to global waste annually, much of it rich in nutrients originally absorbed from the soil. Managing this waste sustainably while replenishing soil fertility is critical for long-term agricultural productivity. In Uganda, coffee and rice husks are abundant crop residues but decompose slowly due to their high lignin and cellulose content. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Indigenous Microorganisms (IMOs) in accelerating the decomposition of coffee and rice husks and improving compost quality. The experiment was conducted at Kyambogo University Farm, Central Uganda, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatment combinations replicated five times. The treatments were;
i i) Coffee husks + goat manure (CH+GM),
ii ii) Coffee husks + goat manure + IMOs (CH+GM+IMO),
iii iii) Rice husks + goat manure (RH+GM), and
iv iv) Rice husks + goat manure + IMOs (RH+GM+IMO).
Each composting pit contained 25 kg of material mixed at a ratio of 1:0.5 (husks to goat manure) on a dry-weight basis. A culture of beneficial anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms was prepared from leaf litter collected from a forested area adjacent to Kyambogo University Farm so as to ensure the microbes originated from a natural (indigenous) soil ecosystem conducive for microbial diversity and proliferation. Treatments with IMOs received 1 liter of IMO solution, while controls received plain water. Data on temperature, pH, moisture content, organic matter, macronutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg), micronutrients, and C/N ratio were collected over a 12-week composting period.