Development and evaluation of a sustainable solar cooker for operations in Uganda

Abstract

Purpose of the Study: The research focused on developing and evaluating a solar cooker as a sustainable energy solution to address the cooking needs in Africa, using Uganda as a case study. Statement of the Problem: While solar energy technologies have the potential to enhance energy sustainability and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, current solar cookers face limitations in addressing local cooking habits, energy demands, and geographical conditions in Uganda. Methodology: The research established energy requirements for cooking based on common food types, average household size, and average solar irradiation in Uganda. A solar box cooker was designed and modeled using SOLIDWORKS software. Material selection and cost analysis were conducted for economic feasibility, and the optical and thermal performance was analyzed using COMSOL Multi-Physics software. A prototype was constructed using locally available materials to assess manufacturability and cost implications. Results: A box-type solar cooker was developed with inner reflector walls at an optimal angle and internal insulation for better heat retention and efficiency. The cooker, with an aperture area of 0.1897 m², meets the thermal requirements for cooking common foods in major regions of Uganda. All materials used are locally available, making the cooker appropriate, sustainable, and affordable. Conclusion: The proposed solar cooker offers a viable alternative to traditional cooking methods in Uganda. It effectively cooks common foods, is cost-effective, and provides environmental benefits, reducing reliance on charcoal.