School of Built Environment

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The actors' symbiosis in the recurrence of slums after in-situ housing redevelopment initiatives. Perspectives from Namuwongo slum, Kampala city
(Journal of African Real Estate Research, 2023-11) Lydia, Nankya; Moses, Batanda Mubiru
This paper examines the roles played by various actors in household mobility and the eventual reoccurrence of slums in the city of Kampala amidst the slum upgrading initiatives.The paper adopted a case study approach, utilising a mixture of both qualitative and quantitative techniques. A total of 60 semi-structured questionnaires were administered to the Slum Community, and 40 interviews were held with various key informant respondents. The analysis was primarily done through content analysis. The results indicate that the influence of slum upgrading actors in the low-income household mobility and reoccurrence of the Namuwongo slum was exhibited through three thematic areas. These included tracking the residential mobility tendencies, fit-for-purposes of the upgrading programs/initiatives, and actor collaboration. This paper concludes that actors' collaboration and participatory involvement in low-income slum-dwelling households should enable the adequate fit-for-purposes of the in- situ upgrading initiatives. This could go a long way in limiting slum reoccurrence as the key drivers of household mobility would be understood and well incorporated into the programs.
Analysis of spatial co-occurrence between cancer and cardiovascular disease mortality and its spatial variation among the Swedish elderly (2010–2015)
(Elsevier: Applied Geography, 2020-12) Aturinde, Augustus; Mansourian, Ali; Farnaghi, Mahdi; Pilesjö, Petter; Sundquist, Kristina; Maiga, Gilbert
CVD and cancer are the two leading causes of death worldwide. Improvement in cancer early detection and treatment has resulted in an increased number of cancer survivors. However, many of the survivors tend to develop CVD often leading to their demise. Conversely, people with pre-existing CVD conditions, especially the elderly, have increased chances of developing cancer and dying from the same. The World Health Organization, consequently, recommends joint management of both diseases. However, in Sweden, as with many other countries, few studies have explored the nature of the associations between the two disease mortalities and their spatial variation at a population level. This study uses correlation, global Moran's index and global bivariate Moran's index to investigate national trends of cancer and CVD crude mortality rates in the Swedish elderly. Spatial scan statistics, spatial overlay and local entropy maps were used to analyse for spatial co-occurrence, local joint spatial clustering and associations in the 2010–2015 cancer and CVD crude mortality rates for the Swedish elderly (65+ years). Mortality data were obtained from the Swedish Healthcare Registry. Our results showed that throughout the years of study, the correlation between cancer and CVD crude mortality rates was averagely positive. Spatial correlation analysis (univariate and bivariate) showed that the contribution of the neighbourhood mortality rates to the observed mortality rates was weak, though significant. From cluster analysis, the cancer and CVD crude mortality rates showed differences in clustering spatial scales with CVD clustering at a smaller scale. Finally, local entropy maps showed that cancer and CVD crude mortality rates were not always related across Sweden, but whenever they were, the relationship was mainly positive and linear. This study contributes to cancer and CVD public health efforts in Sweden by identifying areas where the two causes of death spatially co-occur, and where the two exhibit no spatial overlap. This provides a valuable starting ground for more focused studies to identify local drivers and/or informs coordinated targeted intervention in both causes of death.
Digesting how the gender of household heads determines housing location choices in Sub-Saharan African cities: a review
(Gender, Place & Culture, 2023-07-20) Moses, Batanda Mubiru; Said, Nuhu; Wilbard, Kombe; Tatu, Mtwangi Limbumba
Our study reviews critical social science and policy literature on human settlement research. It examines how the gender of household heads determines housing location preferences in Sub-Saharan African cities. Five themes are obtained from the review: circumstances under which household headships emerge, household fundamental gender roles, interaction with the local property market, power relations and gender in social networks, as well as differing gendered residential location choices. Uncovering how varied gender-influenced household location choices are made underscores the differing significance of the unique gendered preferences in selecting urban housing in rapidly urbanising cities of Sub-Saharan Africa. Engendering the differing preferences and their effect on housing location choices is critical in tracking the housing location journeys of respective household heads and guiding policy action.
Housing and social sustainability in uganda; case of pagirinya refugee settlement in adjumani district
(Emerald Insight, 2024-10-25) Elong, Samuel; Mukwaya, Paul Isolo; Aboda, Caroline
Purpose This paper aims to respond to the need for “socially sustainable settlements for all” and the need for successful integration within the settlements through building strong social constructs among the settlers. Design/methodology/approach Mixed methods were used in this study. A sample size of 332 households in Pagirinya Refugee Settlement was used. The settlement is divided into six blocks, each block is subdivided into clusters. Each cluster comprises of 100 households. Due to variations in the number of households in each settlement block, the authors used a proportional sampling approach to determine the number of respondent households in each settlement block. Data was collected through questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions. Chi-square and an interdependent multivariate statistical analysis were performed to establish the relationship between housing and social sustainability. Findings The study finds a significant relationship between housing and social sustainability when considered jointly on the variables of roofs of buildings and how often the refugee respondents meet with neighbours (p = 0.018) and when considered jointly on the variables of the width of access roads and how knowledgeable the refugee respondents are about their neighbours (p = 0.018). The study also finds a significant relationship between housing and social sustainability when considered jointly on the variables of the number of direct access roads to the households and the number of friends of the refugee respondents (p = 0.019). Originality/value With limited literature, this is a novel approach. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no previous studies focused on the specifics of a building and analysed its relationship with the social dynamics, especially in settlement studies.
Mobility challenges and experiences for students with disabilities in Tanzania universities: dealing with a social inclusion nightmare in property management
(Property Management : Emerald Publishing Limited, 2022-01-20) Mubiru, Moses Batanda
Purpose Despite the presence of people with disabilities in higher learning institutions, facilities provided for both accommodation and classrooms prove to be ineffective in fulfilling their expectations. However, the existing measures have tended to be rigid and unable to incorporate the ever evolving user experiences from constantly enrolling students in public campus buildings. The paper is premised on the notion of social inclusivity of the built environment in public universities through user experiences, measured through a qualitative lens. Design/methodology/approach The study was qualitative and deployed a case study strategy. Respondents were purposively identified and subjected to in-depth interviews, key informant interviews and focused group discussions. The full realisation of the sample frames was determined by data saturation. Data from responses was thereafter sorted, coded and categorised through a systematic thematic analysis. Some responses reactions were reported verbatim. The anonymity of the respondents was observed though through the use of pseudonyms. Findings This paper has indicated respondents' experiences regarding social inclusivity of the institutional built environment and thematically categorised them in six areas: complaints mechanism and feedback, pre- and post-enrolment experiences, namely; complaints mechanism and feedback, pre- and post-enrolment experiences and social support as a property management policy. Others include, representation in university decision-making organs, perceptions regarding disability and its needs and distribution of facilities and site works. It recommends that property management practices should be re-oriented to ensure the sustainability of learning facilities for the disabled, taking into consideration the ever-evolving needs and preferences of PWD user students with disabilities. Originality/value Linking the social and human rights models to actual experiences of property occupiers is unique. The author believes that it will, in addition to the existing models and strategies, improve on a better achievement of inclusivity of building use used by all categories of members of the society.
Quality assurance measures of access systems for tenant retention in high-rise office buildings in Kampala, Uganda. Experiences from building users
(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2023-11-08) Mubiru, Moses Batanda; Naturinda, Janice Maria
Abstract Purpose This paper aims to uncover an understanding of how the quality assurance measures used by the property management teams of Grade-B high-rise office blocks influence the satisfaction and retention of tenants and walk-in users. Design/methodology/approach This study used a case study design backed up by qualitative and quantitative research approaches on a sample size of 90 respondents, including tenants, landlords, property managers and walk-in building users. The data were collected predominantly through interview guides and transcribed, coded and illustrated by the aid of ATLAS.ti software. Data reporting was through tables, graphs and themed direct quotations and eventual discussion. The in-depth/structured interview sessions took between 40 min and 1 h, and the walk-along interviews ranged between 30 and 40 min. Content analysis through thematic coding, categorisation and analysis were used in handling qualitative data. Direct quotes from participant responses from interview transcripts were inserted in line with the themes. And participants allocated pseudo-names to guard their confidentiality.
Spatial analysis of HIV-TB co-clustering in Uganda
(Springer Link: BMC Infectious Diseases, 2019-07-12) Aturinde, Augustus; Farnaghi, Mahdi; Pilesjö, Petter; Mansourian, Ali
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death for individuals infected with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Conversely, HIV is the most important risk factor in the progression of TB from the latent to the active status. In order to manage this double epidemic situation, an integrated approach that includes HIV management in TB patients was proposed by the World Health Organization and was implemented in Uganda (one of the countries endemic with both diseases). To enable targeted intervention using the integrated approach, areas with high disease prevalence rates for TB and HIV need to be identified first. However, there is no such study in Uganda, addressing the joint spatial patterns of these two diseases. Methods This study uses global Moran’s index, spatial scan statistics and bivariate global and local Moran’s indices to investigate the geographical clustering patterns of both diseases, as individuals and as combined. The data used are TB and HIV case data for 2015, 2016 and 2017 obtained from the District Health Information Software 2 system, housed and maintained by the Ministry of Health, Uganda. Results Results from this analysis show that while TB and HIV diseases are highly correlated (55–76%), they exhibit relatively different spatial clustering patterns across Uganda. The joint TB/HIV prevalence shows consistent hotspot clusters around districts surrounding Lake Victoria as well as northern Uganda. These two clusters could be linked to the presence of high HIV prevalence among the fishing communities of Lake Victoria and the presence of refugees and internally displaced people camps, respectively. The consistent cold spot observed in eastern Uganda and around Kasese could be explained by low HIV prevalence in communities with circumcision tradition. Conclusions This study makes a significant contribution to TB/HIV public health bodies around Uganda by identifying areas with high joint disease burden, in the light of TB/HIV co-infection. It, thus, provides a valuable starting point for an informed and targeted intervention, as a positive step towards a TB and HIV-AIDS free community.
Women-headed households and housing location preferences in the informal settlements: What can we learn from Luzira, Uganda?
(Habitat International, 2022-09) Mubiru, Moses Batanda; Nuhu, Said; Kombe, Wilbard; Limbumba, Tatu Mtwangi
The decision to move to a preferred location is a phenomenon that women-headed households inevitably grapple with during their housing lifecycle. Choosing a housing location may be determined by several factors. This study sought an in-depth understanding of what drives decisions on preferred housing locations by women-headed households in the Luzira informal settlement of Kampala, Uganda. A qualitative case study design was used, in which in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis were employed. Social relations with host households, interactions in the neighbourhood, households' responses to inter-household disputes, household consensus, and informal property market information availability were exhibited as determinants for women-headed household decisions on housing options. This study recommends that policymakers should be aware of the several alternatives and informal channels through which informal property market participants access information on housing opportunities. This can be enhanced by exploiting appropriate technological innovation, such as mobile phones and creating platforms for access and dissemination of housing-related information. More so, key drivers of housing location choices for women should be integral in housing planning.

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