Department of Psychology

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Browsing Department of Psychology by Subject "Adolescents"

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    Fathers’ involvement, school climate and emotional wellbeing of adolescents in Nakawa division, Kampala City, Uganda
    (Kyambogo University (Unpublished work), 2024-11) Naijuka, Mellon
    Background: Today, Many children are being raised without their fathers. Fathers’ absence has been associated with poor mental and behavioural outcomes. This study explored the association between perceived father involvement and the emotional well-being of adolescent children, along with the moderating influence of school climate on this association. Method: Data from 347 school-going adolescents (12–15 years of age) were used to assess moderation while descriptive statistics, correlations, and regression analyses were used to assess fathers’ involvement in families, associations between fathers’ involvement, school climate, emotional wellbeing, and moderation. Results: About 53.3 per cent (n = 185) lived together with their fathers while only about half lived with both parents (n = 173, 49.9%). Overall, the availability of fathers was significantly associated with positive affect (r = .12, p <.05). Stratified by gender, availability remained significantly (r = .14, p <.05) associated with positive effects for girls while a lack of interaction significantly (r = .20, p <.05) predicted negative effects for boys. The School Climate did not moderate the effects of Fathers’ Involvement on Emotional Wellbeing. However, Teasing and Bullying were significantly associated with negative effects for both male and female adolescents, and Engagement was strongly linked to positive outcomes in boys. Conclusion: Both Fathers’ Involvement and School Climate are significant for the Emotional Wellbeing of adolescents. Recommendation: Interventions aimed at enhancing fathers' involvement in their children's lives and improving school climate are crucial for promoting children's emotional well-being.
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    The mediating role of self-control on the relations between adverse childhood experiences and substance use among adolescents in Uganda
    (Frontiers in Psychology, 2024-05-14) Jane, Namusoke; Kennedy, Amone-P’Olak; Carol, Chosen Nakanwagi; Henry, Kibedi; Nathaniel, Mayengo; Joseph, Ssenyonga; Bernard, Omech
    Objective: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are established risk factors for undesirable consequences in adolescence and early adulthood, including substance use and a lack of self-control. Based on the Social Bonds Theory (SBT), this study aims to expand our knowledge of the pathways from ACEs and self-control to substance use in adolescence and early adulthood. Methods: The extent to which self-control mediates the association between ACEs and substance use was examined in a cross-sectional survey of 358 adolescents and young adults (N = 234, 65.5% girls, mean age 17.7, SD 0.58, range 15–18). Data were gathered using the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE-10) questionnaire, the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10), and the 10- item self-control scale to assess childhood adversity, substance use, and self- control, respectively. Results: ACEs were widely reported and significantly associated with substance use and a lack of self-control. Self-control strongly predicted substance use, independent of ACEs. Among those reporting no ACEs, one to two, three to four, and five or more, there were significant variations in the respondents’ substance use (F(3, 400) = 12.69, p = 0.001). Self-control explained 51.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 41, 61%) of the associations between ACEs and substance use as assessed by linear regression. Conclusion: Self-control is key to understanding why adolescents and young adults with a history of childhood adversity indulge in substance use. Therefore, there is a need to advocate for psychological interventions such as cognitive and behavioural therapy that have demonstrated efficacy in promoting self- control in adolescents and young adults.