School of Vocational Studies

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Browsing School of Vocational Studies by Subject "Determinants"

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    Determinants and variation of total body fat percentage, abdominal fat and waist circumference within and across semesters: a cohort study of Kyambogo University students
    (Kyambogo University [unpublished work], 2023-11) Nanduga, Esther
    University students may end up having a high rate of fat accumulation due to a sedentary lifestyle, a decrease in physical activity, and unhealthy dietary habits. This contributes to the rising prevalence of obesity which is linked to a higher risk of developing various chronic diseases. The study's main objective was to examine the determinants and variation of total body fat percentage, abdominal fat and waist circumference of Kyambogo university students within and across three semesters. A longitudinal cohort design was employed and multi-stage simple random sampling was used to select the sample from the university faculties. Data was analysed using the International Business Machines Corporation – Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM -SPSS) software. Chi-square analysis, multinomial logistic regression, and two way repeated Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were carried out all at 0.05 statistical significance. The results revealed that male students were 49.1% less likely to be obese [OR: 0.40, 95% CI 0.16-0.97]. Students who did not consume vitamin A-rich fruits were 2% less likely to be obese [OR: 0.02, 99% CI 0.00-0.19]. Students who carried out less than 150 minutes of physical activity were 48.6% more likely to be obese [OR: 2.74 95% CI 1.15-6.52]. In addition, the total body fat percentage and the waist circumference of the students increased gradually over the semesters. In conclusion, the study showed that the majority of the students did not have a healthy total body fat percentage and recommends that university students should be sensitised on the importance of maintaining a healthy nutritional status and what constitutes a healthy diet.
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    Nutrition-sensitive determinants of anemia among women of childbearing age in Eastern Uganda
    (Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2025, 16(8), 872-887, 2025-08-14) Kiki, Nathalie Finagnon; Muyonga, John H.; Bukenya, Richard; Lokossou, Sênan Christa; Kikomeko, Kato Peterson; Mupere, Andrew; Bonabana, Jackline; Walusimbi, Ronald; Acham, Hedwig
    Anemia remains a major public health concern, affecting approximately 30% of women aged 15 - 49 globally and 21% in Eastern Uganda, posing significant risks to maternal and child health. Addressing this issue requires understanding how nutrition is linked to broader health, social, and economic development initiatives. This study examines the relationship between nutrition-sensitive determinants—including household food insecurity, minimumdietary diversity for women, and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions— and the prevalence of anemia, defined as hemoglobin levels < 11 g/dL in pregnant women and <12 g/dL in non-pregnant women. Data from the Uganda National Panel Survey that included 558 weighted samples of women in Eastern Uganda were reanalyzed. Descriptive analysis revealed that the overall prevalence of anemia was 18.3%, with 24.3% and 17.8% among pregnant and non-pregnant women respectively. The prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age varied from mild to moderate public health according to the World Health Organization. Logistic regression analysis employed to explore the nutrition-sensitive determinants of anemia among women revealed that anemia prevalence was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with several factors (12) including the nutrition-sensitive variables such as MDD-W (AOR= 0.73, p = 0.03), handwashing (AOR = 0.72, p = 0.031), and wealth index (AORmiddle = 0.128, AORricher = 0.201, AORrichest = 0.103, p = 0.041). Interven- tions for anemia in Eastern Uganda need to focus on improving key nutritionsensitive indicators like dietary diversity, WASH practices, and wealth status among women.