Browsing by Author "Mugumya, Firminus"

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Experiences of gender based violence among refugee populations in Uganda: evidence from four refugee camps
(Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review., 2018-01) Kwiringira, Japheth Nkiriyehe; Mutabazi, Marion Mugisha; Mugumya, Firminus; Kaweesi, Edward; Munube, Deogratias; Rujumba, Joseph
In refugee generating situations, flight conditions and actual refugee circumstances, Gender Based Violence take different forms like rape, female genital mutilation, physical, psychological and emotional abuse, defilement and bride kidnapping in the name of 'early marriage' and sexual harassment among others. These forms are heightened by the adverse conditions of lack of basic needs, unequal power relations, breakdown of institutions of social control and order, exposure to the dangers of group violence and low capacity of protection agencies both local and international, and the host governments. This study intended to detail refugee experiences of Gender Based Violence among refugees in Uganda as well as the associated factors. We conducted a qualitative study and used content-thematic approach analysis. While there was high GBV awareness; this did not translate into reduced susceptibility. Detection, prevention and response to GBV were curtailed by an intersectionality of unequal power relations, poverty, and a multiplicity of cultures that concealed the nature, extent and reality of GBV. Effective GBV prevention requires an array of interventions and 'capacities' especially access to basic needs for individuals and households. Our findings aver that, gender based violence is endemic in peripheral hard to reach, conflict and post-conflict settings than in more stable communities due to underreporting and concealment that are associated with numerous capacity challenges in access and utilisation of the available services. The extreme conditions that refugees go through during displacement, flight and resettlement tend to exacerbate and sustain GBV.
Rethinking the role of the state in health care financing: can community-based health insurance show the way?
(Shaker Publishing, 2010) Mugisha, M. Mutabazi; Mugumya, Firminus
Currently there are huge problems in financing even basic health care for most people in low-income countries. Over 1.8 bn people live in countries where public expenditure on health is, on average, less than US$ 20 per capita per year. This amount falls short of the US$ 34 minimum spending for basic services estimated by the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health of the World Health Organisation. Even worse, this budget is often directed to curative health care in urban centres, leaving the rural areas largely lacking health services (Hope, 2003). To understand a health-financing system, even that of communitybased health insurance, one needs to analyse the context of the broader goals of that system (Bennet, 2004; Carrin, 2003; Carrin et al., 2005). The World Health Organisation proposes that health systems should aim to ensure quality and equality, responsiveness to people's expectations, and fairness in the financial contributions to the health system. They should have four functions: provision of health services, creation of the necessary investment and training resources, sufficient financial resources so that people can access effective health care, and government stewardship. Health financing, which is the focus of this paper, comprises three elements: revenue collection, fund pooling and purchasing (Carrin et al.,2005). The importance of investing in health is no longer in doubt. According to the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health of the WHO, extending coverage of crucial health services, including a relatively small number of specific interventions affecting the world's poor, could save millions of lives every year, reduce poverty, spur economic development and promote global security (MoH, 2002).
Understanding imperatives for total school enrolment and retention among refugees: the somasoma initiative in nakivaale refugee camp in southwestern Uganda.
(2022) Mugumya, Firminus; Marion Mugisha Mutabazi; Hilary Asabaheebwa; Sylvanus Mushabe; Mukamba January; Arlene Akimana
Refugee children, most especially girls, are more likely to miss school or to fail to invest the required level of concentration to be able to learn (Meyer et al., 2019). The extent to which refugees build the necessary resilience to mitigate their situations, particularly those that affect children’s education is important to understand. This chapter examines critical imperatives for initiating, stimulating, and sustaining refugee interest to pursue good education outcomes for their children. It also examines factors that serve to undermine refugee resilience towards education and recommends strategies and alternatives for sustainable access to, and utilization of, basic education services for refugee children. It is informed by a detailed case study of a community‐based school readiness program in three communities in Nakivaale Refugee settlement in South‐Western Uganda. The case study involved meetings and interviews with refugee parents/ caregivers; leaders of community‐based services; community leaders; initiators/promoters of the education initiative; and instructors on the programme.