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Financial management practices and performance of secondary schools in Arua district, Uganda
(Kyambogo University (Unpubliahesd work), 2023-10) Edema, Sprenister Bacia
The performance of secondary schools plays an important role in the quality of education provided in the secondary schools in Uganda. Although the ministry of education and sports had implemented initiatives, to enable secondary schools manage their resources to achieve educational objectives, schools in Arua district still had challenges with effectively utilizing their financial resources to achieve national and institutional educational objectives. The study examined the relationship between financial management practices and the performance of secondary schools of Arua District, to provide a basis for relevant interventions. Using a cross-sectional survey, data was collected from 62 respondents who included 8 school bursars, 7 head teachers, 40 heads of departments and 5 members of school boards of governors by the help of a structured questionnaire and interview guides. Data was analyzed by use of Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS), multi-regression and content analysis. The findings of the study revealed that: financial planning was not significantly related (r = .22, p > 0.01) to the performance of secondary schools, meaning that the level at which it is done is not enough to affect the performance of these institutions. Financial control was significantly related (r = .16, p < 0.05) to performance of secondary schools, though its effect was not significant (β = .03, p> 0.05). Financial reporting was significantly related to performance of secondary schools (r = 32, p < 0.01) and had a positive effect (β = .236, p < 0.05) on the performance of secondary schools. Overall financial management practices had a 9.8% (r2 = .098) positive effect on the performance of secondary schools. Therefore, Ministry of Education and Sports should strive to implement the Uganda public finance management guidelines in Secondary schools. The Board of Governors in secondary schools should be empowered to monitor and influence the financial management practices of secondary schools towards better school performance. Further research is recommended to examine mechanisms and structures that can help Stakeholders in secondary schools take an active role in monitoring and influencing the financial management of secondary schools, implement better work environments in Secondary schools in Uganda.
Smallholder farmers’ Perceptions of climate variability and land-use changes in semiarid Gwayi catchment agroecosystems
(Earth (MDPI), 2025-05-20) Musinguzi, Simon Peter; Chisadza, Bright; Gwate, Onalenna; Nkululeko, Mpofu; Mugoti, Alban; Dagoudo, Bienvenu Akowedaho; Macherera, Margaret
Climate variability and land-use changes are critical challenges impacting agriculture globally, with Zimbabwe’s Gwayi catchment area experiencing noticeable effects.
This study investigated how smallholder farmers in the region perceive these changes and their influence on agricultural productivity and livelihoods. The research addresses the gap in understanding local farmer experiences with climate change and land-use modifications in the context of food security. A cross-sectional survey (n = 483) was conducted using selfadministered
questionnaires to capture demographic information, perceptions of climate
variability, land-use changes, and their impacts on agriculture. The results indicate a trend of increasing droughts, dry spells, and heatwaves, alongside altered rainfall patterns and rising temperatures, corroborating the observed climate data. Environmental degradation, including deforestation, gully formation, and land expansion, exacerbates these changes.
Consequently, farmers reported substantial reductions in crop yields, with 84.05% experiencing significant-to-very negative impacts, alongside declining livestock health (32.51% reporting very negative impacts), increased water scarcity (43.3% reporting drying water sources), and more frequent disease outbreaks. These challenges collectively contributed to heightened food insecurity, with 74.12% of households reporting negative impacts on
their food supply. The study underscores the synergistic impacts of climate variability and land-use changes, highlighting the urgent need for climate-smart agricultural practices and sustainable land management to enhance resilience and ensure long-term food security for smallholder farmers in the Gwayi catchment.
Efficacy of the non-digital Ugandan banknote identifier
(Kyambogo University (Unpubliahesd work), 2024-10) Ayoli, Moses
This study investigated the efficacy of the non-digital Ugandan Banknote identifier. The research aimed to evaluate the accuracy, user-friendliness, and necessary modifications of this tool to facilitate independent financial transactions for people with blindness. Despite the innovation of the non-digital Banknote identifier, it’s mass production, circulation, and usage have not been fully realized, thereby prompting this study. An experimental research design was employed, involving an experimental group using the identifier and a control group without it. This setup enabled a comparative analysis of the efficacy of the identifier. Data collection combined quantitative and qualitative methodologies through triangulation, incorporating in-depth interviews and statistical analysis. Findings revealed that 88.9% of respondents affirmed the accuracy of the non-digital identifier, though 11.1% preferred traditional methods due to doubts about its reliability. Before the introduction of the identifier, persons with blindness relied on assistance from others or tactile methods, often leading to inaccuracies and potential exploitation. The identifier has significantly enhanced the accuracy and independence of persons with blindness in financial transactions. Regarding user-friendliness, 88.8% of respondents adapted to the device within a week. However, challenges such as difficulty inserting old or weak Banknotes and the inability to detect counterfeit notes were reported. Despite these issues, the majority of respondents found the device significantly useful for daily transactions. Respondents suggested several modifications to improve the usability of the device, including using durable materials such as wood or metal, increasing the size, adding tactile lines, and incorporating a talking feature to announce denominations. These recommendations align with previous findings emphasizing the importance of tactile features on currency for persons with blindness. The study concludes that while the non-digital Banknote identifier is an effective tool for persons who are blind, there is a need for further improvements and increased awareness to promote its adoption. Enhancing the durability of the device, incorporating additional tactile features, and exploring digital solutions could further facilitate financial independence and security for persons who are blind in Uganda.
Resilient agriculture in semi‑arid Zimbabwe: adaptation strategies and influencers among smallholder farmers
(Discover Agriculture, 2025-05-20) Chisadza, Bright; Gwate, Onalenna; Musinguzi, Simon Peter; Mpofu, Nkululeko; Macherera, Margaret; Dube, Thulani
Despite extensive research on climate change impacts and adaptation strategies in Zimbabwe, their effectiveness from the perspective of smallholder farmers, particularly in the Gwayi catchment remains insufficiently understood. This study evaluated adaptation strategies in response to land use change and climate variability using a mixed-methods approach. Data were collected through a survey of 483 smallholder farmers, 10 focus group discussions (8–12 participants), and interviews with 25 key informants. Results show that despite farmers’ awareness of improved practices, adaptation remains constrained by limited access to water, quality seeds, and technology (64%), financial constraints (46%), and knowledge gaps (19%). The most common adaptation strategies include soil water conservation (85%), drought-resistant crops (80%), early planting (55%), and diversification (49%), with soil water conservation and drought-tolerant crops being the most widely practiced and perceived as most effective. Regression analysis indicates that livestock ownership, participation in community climate-resilient programs, and recent drought experiences significantly (p < 0.05) influence both the choice and number of adaptation strategies adopted. These findings highlight the need for context-specific interventions to mitigate the impacts of climate and land use changes on food security. Strengthening resilience among smallholder farmers requires improved resource access, livestock support, community-based resilience programs, capacity building, financial aid, and enhanced drought preparedness. Implementing these measures will bolster adaptive capacity and promote sustainable agricultural practices in the face of climate uncertainty.
Foreign direct investment- economic growth Nexus in Uganda
(Kyambogo University (Unpubliahesd work), 2024-08) Akweise, Moreen
The research examined the causal interaction between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Economic Growth using annual time series data spanning from 1983 to 2021. Data was obtained from the Ministry of Finance Planning and Economic Development (MoFPED), Bank of Uganda (BoU), Uganda Revenue Authority (URA), and the World Bank. The research employed a VAR test, where FDI causes economic growth in Uganda.
Furthermore, ARDL approach was used to investigate the factors influencing economic growth in Uganda. In the long-run, inflation and trade openness have a positive and statistically significant effect on GDP at 5% level of significance. In addition, the lending interest rate and exchange rate were found to have a negative and statistically significant effect on GDP. In the short run, economic growth is positively influenced by FDI and the exchange rate at 5% level of significance, while it is negatively influenced by inflation and the lending interest rate.
The study recommends the need to channel foreign direct investments in strategic economic sectors like energy, oil and gas and transportation that have stronger economic growth multipliers by offering a range of tax incentives, holidays/ concessions and breaks, the need for Bank of Uganda to control the high lending interest rates offered by commercial banks, and the need to promote trade openness by reducing barriers to trade such as quotas, tariffs and non-tariff barriers to create a more open and predictable trade environment.