Department of Geography

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Browsing Department of Geography by Subject "Climate change"

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    Climate change adaptations by livestock farmers in Ntoroko district, Uganda
    (Kyambogo University, 2021-09) Wahimba, Joseph
    The study “Climate Change Adaptations by Livestock Farmers in Ntoroko District” analyzed the extent of climate variability and examined the factors that influence farmers’ choice of specific adaptations to Climate Change in Ntoroko District. The study’s specific objectives were to determine trends in climate variability in Ntoroko District, to determine the climate change adaptations used by livestock farmers in Ntoroko District, and to investigate the factors influencing livestock farmers’ choice of adaptations to climate change in Ntoroko District. A cross-sectional survey research design was employed where qualitative and quantitative methods were used. 351 respondents from a population of 4011 were sampled using a simple random sampling technique. The study used a questionnaire, documentary review, and observation to collect data on the variables of the study. Data collected was analyzed using Linear Regression, Cross-tabulation, and Multivariate in terms of tables and graphs respectively. The findings on climate shown that the mean annual rainfall amounts for Ntoroko District decreased for the period 1988 to 2018, varying from 95.8mm to 43.8mm. This decrease was statistically insignificant indicating that the area was no evidence of climate change in annual rainfall pattern for the period of study. In addition, analysis of mean annual maximum temperature for the study area for the period 1990 to 2018 showed a positive/increasing trend that was statistically significant. The results further revealed that most dominant adaptation practices to climate change used by livestock farmers in Ntoroko were stocking of animal drugs supported by (95.5%) herd mobility (67.6%) and mixed animal rearing (66.8%). Additionally, the Multivariate Regression Model revealed that access to training on climate change followed by monthly income, access to information, and membership to the social group were the most significant factors that positively influenced farmers' choice of adaptations to climate change while the least significant factor was education status of the household head. The study recommended that farmers should be provided with meteorological information on rainfall and temperature trends that may aid in the planning of adaptations to a varying climate. The existing adaptation practices such as stocking animal drugs and mixed animal rearing should be supported and encouraged with the aim of increasing livestock farmers’ resilience to climate variability and change. Finally, there should be improved access to training on adaptation, monthly income, and membership to a social group. This would therefore reduce climate change hazards and be a means to support livestock farmers’ adaptions to climate change in Ntoroko District.
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    Improving climate information through projecting climate change and variability in the Upper Awash Subbasin, Ethiopia
    (Springer, 2025-08-26) Abebe, Bezu Bedada; Gudina Legese Feyisa; Asfaw Kebede; Majaliwa Mwanjalolo; Gabiri Geofery; Mitiku Adisu Worku; Elias Abdi
    Climate change and variability have significantly impacted developing countries like Ethiopia, primarily due to a lack of accurate climatic information that is vital for effective planning and adaptation strategies. The study aimed to improve the reliability of climate information in Ethiopia, where insufficient information hinders mitigation and adaptation to climate change effects. The analysis utilized observational reference period data alongside CMIP6 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6) General Circulation Model (GCM) data under various scenarios employing SD-GCM V2.0 for bias correction and statistical downscaling. The findings suggest that the highest maximum annual temperatures will rise by 2.03 °C under the SSP5–8.5 scenario. Mean annual rainfall is likely to increase by 23.5% and 5.3% over the projected period, both the highest and lowest recorded under SSP5–8.5. The coefficient of variation analysis revealed that most stations exhibited moderate and high annual and seasonal rainfall variability during the observation period. Meanwhile, the projected seasonal and annual rainfall displayed high variability compared to the observational reference period. However, all stations recorded less variation in yearly minimum and maximum temperatures throughout the study. While there is a substantial increase in average annual rainfall, there are still years with lower and higher yearly rainfall that likely led to drought and flooding in certain areas. In managing the droughts and floods expected due to climate change and variability, it is essential to implement mitigation and adaptation techniques with comprehensive disaster risk management strategies. Hence, the current study aims to improve the reliability of climate information in the UASB, Ethiopia.
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    Past, present and future climate trends under varied representative concentration pathways for a sub-humid region in Uganda
    (MDPI: Climate, 2019-02-26) Egeru, Anthony; Barasa, Bernard; Nampijja, Josephine; Siya, Aggrey; Makooma, Moses Tenywa; Majaliwa, Mwanjalolo G. J.
    Long-term trend analysis at local scale for rainfall and temperature is critical for detecting climate change patterns. This study analysed historical (1980–2009), near future (2010–2039), mid- (1940–2069) and end-century (2070–2099) rainfall and temperature over Karamoja sub-region. The Modern Era-Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) daily climate data provided by the Agricultural Model Inter-comparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP) was used. The AgMIP delta method analysis protocol was used for an ensemble of 20 models under two representative concentration pathways (RCPs 4.5 and 8.5). Historical mean rainfall was 920.1 ± 118.9 mm and minimum, maximum and mean temperature were 16.8 ± 0.5 °C, 30.6 ± 0.4 °C and 32.0 ± 0.7 °C, respectively. Minimum temperature over the historical period significantly rose between 2000 and 2008. Near future rainfall varied by scenario with 1012.9 ± 146.3 mm and 997.5 ± 144.7 mm for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 respectively; with a sharp rise predicted in 2017. In the mid-century, mean annual rainfall will be 1084.7 ± 137.4 mm and 1205.5 ± 164.9 mm under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 respectively. The districts of Kaabong and Kotido are projected to experience low rainfall total under RCP4.5 (mid-century) and RCP8.5 (end-century). The minimum temperature is projected to increase by 1.8 °C (RCP4.5) and 2.1 °C (RCP8.5) in mid-century, and by 2.2 °C (RCP4.5) and 4.0 °C (RCP8.5) in end-century.