| dc.description.abstract | Despite a world-wide increase in health-related diseases and conditions among children,
little information is known about the children's health-related fitness status in Uganda.
Assessment of the fitness status of pupils aged between 6 and 9 years in Mukono and
Wakiso districts in central Uganda was conducted using physical fitness testing. The
study also determined their level of engagement in physical activities. A cross-sectional
survey research design was used to assess four health-related fitness components. These
were cardiovascular endurance using a 9-minute run test, body composition using BMI
method, low back flexibility using the sit and reach test and abdominal muscular strength/
endurance using the s it up test. The target population comprised of 25,500 school
children drawn from public and private schools. Four thousand pupils formed the sample
for the study. The actual sample consisted of 1929 pupils with 922 day scholars and
1,007 in boarding schools. Data was analysed using frequencies, percentages, means and
standard deviation and one way analysis of variance at 0.05 level of significance. The
AAHPERD (1980) percentiles and the WHO (2007) CDC-BMI for sex- age-growth
charts percentiles to determine the fitness status of the pupils. The results showed that out
of the 922 day scholars 250 (27. l %) had weak cardiovascular endurance, 27 (2.9%) were
underweight, while 58 (6.3%) were overweight, 29 (3.1 %) were obese; 707 (76.7%) had
poor flexibility and 798 (86.5%) had weak abdominal muscles. On the other hand, out of
the l 007 pupils in boarding schools 307 (30.5%) had weak cardiovascular endurance, 50
(5%) were underweight, while 79 (7.8%) were overweight, 50 (5%) were obese, 824
(81.8%) had poor flexibility and 814 (80.9%) had weak abdominal muscles. The results
revealed significant differences in cardiovascular endurance, body composition and
abdominal muscular strength/endurance between day and boarding pupils (p>0.05) with
day scholars having higher mean distance run scores, lower mean BMI scores and lower
mean sit up scores. There were no significant differences in the mean sit and reach scores
between day and boarding pupils. However, majority of pupils achieved the
recommended standard for the cardiovascular endurance and normal body composition.
There were also significant gender differences in all the health-related fitness
components. The boys had higher mean distance run scores, lower mean BMI scores,
lower mean sit and reach scores and higher mean sit up scores. This implies that more
boys had better cardiovascular endurance, normal weight and better muscular
strength/endurance than girls. On the other hand, more girls were flexible than boys. The
study revealed that the pupils demonstrated poor health-related fitness status especially in
abdominal muscular endurance and low back flexibility. The study al so revealed that
most pupils met the recommended 60 minutes of daily physical activity although the
activities they engaged in were not appropriate enough to develop most of the health related
fitness components. It is recommended that more physical activities that develop
the health-related fitness should be integrated in the school curriculum and children need
to engage in more active behaviours. | en_US |
